The Negative Reaction of Teenagers Towards Entertainment Literature

By SHEM Godwins

 According to Newtons's third law of motion,whenever two objects interact,they exert equal and opposite forces on each other(every action force has an equal and opposite reaction).Now,in the context of literature and society,the same reasoning could be applied,the transformative purpose or function of literature,which implies that both the reader and a literary piece have a reciprocal experience at a particular time and place.It poses the nortion that the effect of a literary piece is felt through interaction from the audience.All forms of literature;novels,poetry,music,videos that involves creativity impacts on an individual through their interaction and how they interpret the contents.

Human behavior is also flexible and can be altered at any given time due a person's contact or exposure to whatever makes him/her happy.At adolescence,teenagers have a tendency of wanting to experiment everything that they come across.This therefore,could give an explanation as to why there has been a sudden and abnormal change in the behaviors of our school going children,both at primary and secondary levels.Cases of early pregnancies,twisted sexual orientations,drug and substance abuse as well as student-teacher relationship in the recent past have gone up with or without a case study,it is evident.

The society has failed to make teenagers realize the need to treat sex as a responsibility and not pleasure.Their exposure to sexual content through entertainment literature has reciprocated their urge to try and experiment whichever idea is portrayed there with.In the context of Kenyan music,to be specific the so called gengetone genre which has a huge teen following,our children have been poisoned with the dirty lyrics that the artists openly utter to their ears.Most of which promote sexual immorality in their videos yet we have accepted such kind in our society.Most parents have introduced their young girls to family planning giving them a justification to engage in premarital sex whenever they like.As a result,they irresponsibly fall to sexual chemistry without protection against pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.

There is no universal religious assent to same sex relationship.If I take the advantage to ride on the provision of the[american democracy under president obama]that,through the supreme court that accorded dignity to same sex marriage (BBC NEWS-26th June,2015).This movies has seen many western movies incorperate the idea of same sex relationship as part of a society.For instance,watching Tyler Perry's "The Oval" where a character Kyle is in love with another male character Don to an extent of confronting Don's wife.Similarly,watching Netflix's "who killed Sara?" you encounter other two male characters who date and goes to the extent of wanting to raise a child.These movies regardless of whatever they portray have effects on our kids when they watch them.Gayism has never been an African thing.If we never had same sex relationships when the african parenting never allowed the interaction of boys and girls traditionally,why have it now when we have mixed primary and secondary schools and institutions of higher learning?

Drug and substance abuse has also gone up in our schools.It is a problem teachers face but no rational combat mechanism has been developed.If an investigation could be carried out right now to determine this,then the results will shock the world.Taking you back to the current teen's favorite music genre-gengetone that publicly praise bhang smoking and other drugs,appeal to our teens both boys and girls.Believe me,I am a teacher and this children will tell you they smoke in form of a joke in class when they mean it.As a result,it gives them the courage to approach teachers who look young in their hallucinated consciouness.Take your time and watch the video of the song "Kimangoto" by Boondoks gang featuring Timmy Tdat and you will get the whole idea.They make it appear normal a male student harassing a female teacher and vise versa,and in reality when you take action,they have the advantage.Our society believes a student more than a teacher when it comes to defense.

Literature is good,entertainment as well.Transormation in the modern societal set up is productive.Negative transformation is like a self processed poison.Bowing to the pressure of destructive literature will eventually yield a rotten society where obscenity and unethical behavior will be the new normal.Our teenagers should be guided.Guidance and counseling departments in schools should be active.Parents should teach their children on sex from the onset of their adolescence.

The Most Hilarious Appellate Judges’ Thunderclaps That Stopped BBI “Reggae.”

By Gitau wa Kung’u.

In Summary

• The Court verdict prompt mixed reactions from political leaders who took to social media to express both their approval and disappointments. 

• One of the first to react was ODM Party leader Raila Odinga who conceded to the decision of the court even before it was formally made.

"The constitution is constitutionally constituted to constitute a constituent of a constitutionalism," Justice Patrick Kiage. 

These2 among other heavily didactic legal and literary wordsmiths eloquence literally and finally stopped the “Building Bridges Initiave (BBI) reggae” in the Kenyan appellate court. 

The Court of Appeal’s seven bench jury delivered the much anticipated ruling: BBI IS UNCONSTITUTIONAL, NULL AND VOID! The seven judges are Justice Musinga, Rosylene Nambuye, Hannah Okwengu, Patrick Kiage, Gatembu Kairu, Fatuma Sichale, Francis Tuiyott.

The High Court nullification of the BBI initiative’s appellant legal team led by senior counsels Fred Ngatia and James Orengo had moved to the appellate court in a bid to revert the High court’s verdict to halt the BBI process.

The seven Court of Appeal Judges

The jury harshly and blatantly condemned the president, “Mr. Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta,” a virtual constitutional criminal who willfully violated his oath to defend the constitution and thus not fit to hold office and can be sued and removed from office.

Kenyans irresistibly stayed eye and ear open following the ruling’s progress from TV and radio channels and their fingers barely detached from their keyboards, expressing their multitudinous opinions on social media platforms. Finally, the evening was awash with celebration, mockery, lamentations and regrets.

Justice Kiage ruled out boldly without fear or favour: “They were effectively dismembering the constitution, blasting so huge a hole in it as to pulverize, and essentially create a new Constitutional order.” He added, “Provided the amendments proposed do not amount to dismemberment or abrogation, they are permissible. But even then, such amendment must be done in accordance with article 257.”

"Any adverse orders made against the president in his personal capacity would be open to setting aside ex debito justitiae."

 “The steering committee was a government project. They were prominent personalities joined together by presidential fiat; they had no mind or idea of their own to initiate but were instead tasked to identify constitutional, among other changes.” Justice Kiage added.

Justice Musinga’s thunderclap: “Having the provisions that have been referred to as unamendable, immutable, unchangeable, unalterable, irrevocable eternity clauses ‘serve as a mechanism for limiting amendment power but they do not and cannot limit the primary constituent power of the people, however, I do not think that the alteration of the basic structure must be undertaken through the repeal of the constitution and the promulgation of another.” 

 Justice Tuiyot ruled: “Unless otherwise expressed by a constitution, an amendment entails a minor revision, alteration or addition, but which nevertheless does not destroy the constitution being amended. It does not extend to abrogation, complete re-peal or replacement…”

Justice Okwengu said: “An amendment is an alteration of the Constitution that is carried out within the confines of the existing Constitution. It alters the constitution in a way that does not radically change the nature of the constitution; which means, it must remain consistent with the object and purpose of the constitution. This is to be contrasted with change or remaking of the constitution which involves a complete review and, or, substitution of the former constitution which can only be done through the exercise of primary constituent power.” 

Justice Gatembu noted: “The proposals by Junet Mohamed and Dennis Waweru (BBI Secretariat Co-Chairs) would have been best channelled through a parliamentary process; this was not a Wanjiku process. The process leading up to the formulation of the Constitution of Kenya Amendment Bill, in my view, was largely driven by the Executive.”

Justice Sichale faulted her colleagues judgment. She said: “It was wrong for the High Court to proceed with the hearing and thereafter make adverse findings against H.E President Uhuru Kenyatta without ascertaining whether he had been served either with the petition and or the subsequent hearing notices.” 

She observed that verification of signatures does not require the IEBC to have a quorum. She added that a constitution must be flexible to allow for a country’s growth and development since “what is good for one generation may not necessarily be good for the next; present and future generations should not be ruled by the dead hand of their ancestors.” She is the only judge who ruled in favour of the appellants.

The judges were not oiling the wheel of courteous address as they ruled out that there was mad rush to pass the bill in most county governments to demonstrate party loyalty. That party loyalty, deconstructed all assemblies and the judiciary is not ready to lose its independence and mandate to uphold the sovereignty of the constitution to let the politicians rule Kenya like a forest.

The “fake BBI reggae” as deputy president Dr. Ruto has repeatedly said since the launching of the BBI initiative by the “handshake partners” indeed stopped. This verdict is a major haunting premonition for Hon. Raila Odinga’s 2022 presidential aspiration that is a seed of positive intuition to Dr. Ruto’s similar dream.

 “How Atwoli understands this message is none of my business!” P.K.

The writer is a student a Moi University, Main Campus pursuing a bachelor degree

What Kind Of Football Club Would Your Boyfriend Be

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Foreign football clubs have a lot of fans in Kenya.

Every weekend when there’s a match, you’re sure to find Nigerians tuned in. Especially when a popular club is playing. So we decided to relate Nigerian men to the kinds of football clubs that exist. Enjoy!

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1. Chelsea

Chelsea will be the boyfriend that everyone thinks you’re lucky to have. He’s likely to dump you when things go rough.

2. Manchester United

Man Utd is that boyfriend that was great at the beginning of the relationship. Romantic and everything. Now he just does anyhow and is very inconsistent.

3. Valencia

Valencia is that boyfriend that has no future ambition and just wants to laze around.  He’s just useless.

4. Arsenal

Arsenal is the boyfriend that’s very loyal and faithful, but still a loser. You can’t brag about him to your friends.

5. Manchester City

Manchester City is the rich boyfriend that will spoil you.

6. Barcelona

This one will definitely cheat on you because he’s hot and all the girls want him.

7.  Real Madrid

Real Madrid is the rich and flashy boyfriend. He has all the latest rides and loves wearing white.

8. Liverpool

Liverpool is that boyfriend that used to be rich and spends all his time reminiscing and talking about when he used to be wealthy.

9. Borussia Dortmund

This would be the really romantic boyfriend that would write you poems and send you roses.

HOW TO INTERPRATE

 BY ODHIAMBO Mercy

Most adults are not into watching cartoons but some few specific individuals are. As much as cartoons are perceived to be for children, a lot could be drawn out of cartoons. Below is a way to interpreted cartoons and probably you will be able to figure out the content or use of a cartoon in a program to pass a certain message;

Cartoonists use simple objects, or Symbols, to stand for larger concepts or ideas.

Symbolism
Cartoonists use simple objects, or Symbols, to stand for larger concepts or ideas. After you identify the symbols in a cartoon, think about what the cartoonist intends each symbol to stand for.

Exaggeration

Sometimes cartoonists overdo, or exaggerate, the physical characteristics of people or things in order to make a point.

When you study a cartoon, look for any characteristics that seem overdone or overblown. (Facial characteristics and clothing are some of the most commonly exaggerated characteristics.) Then, try to decide what point the cartoonist was trying to make through exaggeration.

Labeling

Cartoonists often label objects or people to make it clear exactly what they stand for.

Watch out for the different labels that appear in a cartoon, and ask yourself why the cartoonist chose to label that particular person or object. Does the label make the meaning of the object more clear?

Analogy

An analogy is a comparison between two unlike things that share some characteristics. By comparing a complex issue or situation with a more familiar one, cartoonists can help their readers see it in a different light.

After you’ve studied a cartoon for a while, try to decide what the cartoon’s main analogy is. What two situations does the cartoon compare? Once you understand the main analogy, decide if this comparison makes the cartoonist’s point more clear to you.

Irony

Irony is the difference between the ways things are and the way things should be, or the way things are expected to be. Cartoonists often use irony to express their opinion on an issue.

When you look at a cartoon, see if you can find any irony in the situation the cartoon depicts. If you can, think about what point the irony might be intended to emphasize. Does the irony help the cartoonist express his or her opinion more effectively?